SCREENING TINGKAT KEPARAHAN GEJALA MENOPAUSE DI DESA DEMANGAN KABUPATEN JEPARA

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Menopause merupakan fase fisiologis pada wanita yang ditandai dengan berhentinya menstruasi selama 12 bulan berturut-turut akibat penurunan kadar estrogen. Perubahan hormonal selama menopause dapat menimbulkan berbagai gejala somatik, psikologis, dan urogenital dengan tingkat keparahan yang berbeda. Berdasarkan data Puskesmas Tahunan, Desa Demangan memiliki jumlah wanita menopause tertinggi, namun belum tersedia data mengenai tingkat keparahan gejala menopause pada wanita di wilayah tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat keparahan gejala menopause pada wanita menopause di Desa Demangan, Kabupaten Jepara. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 69 wanita menopause yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) yang mencakup gejala somatik, psikologis, dan urogenital. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden mengalami gejala menopause kategori sedang sebanyak 33 orang (47,8%), kategori berat sebanyak 30 orang (43,5%), sangat berat sebanyak 5 orang (7,2%), dan ringan sebanyak 1 orang (1,4%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa mayoritas wanita menopause di Desa Demangan mengalami gejala menopause kategori sedang. Edukasi kesehatan mengenai perubahan fisik dan psikologis selama menopause diperlukan untuk membantu wanita beradaptasi dan mengelola gejala secara optimal.

Kata kunci: menopause, tingkat keparahan, gejala menopause, MRS

ABSTRACT

Menopause is a physiological phase in women characterized by the cessation of menstruation for 12 consecutive months due to decreased estrogen levels. Hormonal changes during menopause may cause various somatic, psychological, and urogenital symptoms with different levels of severity. Based on data from the Tahunan Public Health Center, Demangan Village has the highest number of menopausal women; however, data regarding the severity of menopausal symptoms in this area are not yet available. This study aimed to determine the severity of menopausal symptoms among menopausal women in Demangan Village, Jepara Regency. A descriptive quantitative design was employed involving 69 menopausal women selected using total sampling. Data were collected using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) questionnaire, which covers somatic, psychological, and urogenital symptoms. The data were analyzed descriptively using frequency distributions and percentages. The results showed that most respondents experienced moderate menopausal symptoms, totaling 33 women (47.8%), followed by severe symptoms in 30 women (43.5%), very severe symptoms in 5 women (7.2%), and mild symptoms in 1 woman (1.4%). It can be concluded that most menopausal women in Demangan Village experienced moderate menopausal symptoms. Health education regarding physical and psychological changes during menopause is needed to help women adapt to and manage menopausal symptoms effectively.

Keywords: menopause, symptom severity, menopausal symptoms, MRS